Bag-Of-Words Model In Computer Vision - What is an example of the bag-of-words model?

Assume for the sake of argument that the papers have provided us with a vocabulary of ten words to use in the bag-of-words model. A distinct integer index is assigned to each of these words in the output vector. After that, for every word in the dictionary, we find the inverse document frequency. At the bottom of the list are the most common terms with a score of 1.0: it, of, the, and was.